What is
Letters of Credit?
A letter of credit is a financial instrument issued by a bank on behalf of a buyer that guarantees payment to an exporter upon presentation of specified documents proving that goods have been shipped according to agreed terms. The bank essentially substitutes its creditworthiness for that of the buyer.
Letters of credit provide payment security for exporters while giving importers time to receive and inspect goods before final payment. Banks act as neutral intermediaries, ensuring compliance with transaction terms and facilitating secure international trade.
Bank payment guarantee
substituting for buyer creditworthiness
Documentary requirements
specifying exact compliance terms
Irrevocable commitment
once established and confirmed
Independent obligation
separate from underlying sale contract
Inspection rights
allowing buyer verification before payment
Standardized procedures
governed by international banking rules
Risk mitigation
for both exporters and importers
Complex documentation
requiring precise compliance